Business
French Corporations Adapt to Shifting Business Landscape in Africa
French companies are adapting their business strategies in Africa as francophone African nations increasingly reject the Francafrique policy, a system of post-colonial influence from France. This shift is most evident in the Sahel region (Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, and Chad), where countries are actively challenging French military, diplomatic, and economic presence. Antoine Glaser, a French journalist and former director of Africa Intelligence, notes that French companies previously enjoyed preferential treatment but now face a drastically reduced market share (6-7%) compared to China's 25%. This is exemplified by Orano, a French nuclear fuel corporation, suspending production at its Nigerien uranium mine due to export blockades and the revocation of its mining license in June 2024.
The changing political landscape is forcing French corporations to reassess their approach. French President Emmanuel Macron presented a new "Africa-France Partnership" strategy in February 2023, emphasizing economic and trade relations over security issues. However, a French corporate consultant, speaking anonymously, stated that France's actual presence in countries like Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger was already marginal before recent tensions. The consultant noted a shift toward joint ventures and local partnerships to maintain market share without overt visibility. Yves Ekoue Amaizo, director of the Afrocentricity Think Tank, believes the withdrawal of French companies opens opportunities for new alliances with countries like China and Turkey, but also entails new risks. TotalEnergies is attempting to rebalance its operations in English- and Portuguese-speaking African nations, though competition remains fierce.
Impact Statement: The decline of Francafrique is forcing a fundamental shift in how French corporations operate in Africa, requiring adaptation, diversification, and a greater emphasis on local partnerships to maintain competitiveness and legitimacy.