The town of Ulefoss, Norway, with a population of just over 2,000, sits atop the continent's largest deposit of rare earth elements, the Fen complex. These elements are crucial for various technologies, and securing a European supply is a priority for the EU due to current reliance on China. Rare Earths Norway (REN) plans to mine the deposit, aiming for full-scale operations by 2030. The project involves creating an "invisible mine" using a long tunnel and automated drills to minimize surface disruption, although concerns remain regarding potential subsidence.

While some residents express concerns about environmental impact, particularly regarding the use of existing ponds as potential mine landfills, others view the project positively, hoping it will revive the town's industrial past and create jobs. The company is working to address these concerns, emphasizing collaboration with local businesses. REN aims to extract 9 million tons of rare earth oxides, potentially supplying a significant portion of Europe's demand. The Norwegian government supports the initiative, highlighting the need for self-sufficiency in crucial materials.

Impact Statement: Successful operation of the Fen mine could significantly reduce the EU's dependence on China for rare earth elements, bolstering its technological independence and mitigating supply chain risks.