The International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague, Netherlands, ruled that countries can sue each other over climate change, including historical emissions. While the ruling is non-binding, legal experts believe it could have significant consequences, particularly for vulnerable nations. The case, initiated in 2019 by law students from Pacific islands, is considered a victory for those most impacted by climate change.

Flora Vano from Vanuatu, a country highly vulnerable to extreme weather, expressed relief at the decision, stating it recognizes the suffering and resilience of frontline communities. The ICJ's opinion could be used to pursue compensation from historically high-emitting countries, many of whom argued existing climate agreements like the 2015 Paris Agreement are sufficient. Judge Iwasawa Yuji stated that failing to develop ambitious climate plans constitutes a breach of Paris Agreement promises, and broader international law mandates environmental protection regardless of treaty participation.

The ICJ's advisory opinion, while non-binding, has influenced government actions in the past.

Impact Statement: This ruling could significantly impact international climate negotiations and legal actions, potentially leading to increased pressure on high-emitting nations to address climate change and compensate vulnerable countries.